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How to Use the Loop Expression in After Effects
- By Caleb Ward
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Let’s talk about the loop expression in After Effects.
Today we’re talking about one of the most useful expressions in After Effects, the loop expression. This tutorial and article will share everything you need to know to get started with creating loops in After Effects. So buckle up and grab notebook, it’s Groundhog Day at School of Motion.
To help explain the benefits of the loop expression, we’ve put together a tutorial that will walk you through some real-world uses of loops.
If you want to download the project files used in this tutorial you can do so by clicking the button below.
Download the project files and follow along with the tutorial! Plus, a PDF Guide!
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Download Project File and PDF GuideA loop expression does exactly what the name implies, it loops a series of keyframes. However, there's a lot more to the loop expression than simply cycling between the first and last keyframes. Loops can help a ton when working with walk cycles, logo reveals, background design, and more.
- loopOut();loopIn(“pingpong”);
- loopOutDuration(“cycle”,3);
A loop expression can be broken up into 3 distinct parts: The Property, Loop Type, and Modifier. Understanding each part is important for getting the most out of your loops. So we’re going to talk about each part in excruciating exciting detail.
There are technically 4 different types of loop expression properties but we’ll take about the other two at the bottom of this post. The main two properties that you will want to know about are the loopOut and loopIn properties. Both loop properties essentially do the exact same thing with one key difference:
- loopIn(); Loops before the first keyframe
Both have their own potential use-cases, but for 90% of the projects that you work on you’ll want to use the loopOut property.
Not all loops are created equal. There are actually 4 different types of loops that can change the way your loop works in After Effects. To change your loop type all you have to do is add “loopname” to the inside of your parentheses. Like this: loopOut(“pingpong”);Here’s a breakdown of each loop type:
- loopOut(); or loopOut(“cycle”);
The cycle loop simply repeats your keyframes forever and ever. Once a loop approaches the last keyframe it will jump right back to the first keyframe. By default a loop property without a type defined will be a cycle.
- loopOut(“pingpong”);
As the name implies the “pingpong” loop type goes back and forth between your first and last keyframe. From start to finish and finish to start, over and over again.
- loopOut(“offset”);
The Offset loop type simply builds on itself by adding or subtracting the ending value from the starting value and applying the difference to your final or opening keyframes. That explanation is admittedly confusing, but just look at the example above. As you can see the offset continues the loops movement without reverting back to the original start value. In my opinion the Offset loop type is the most powerful and potentially useful loop type, but it never gets the love it deserves.
- loopOut(“continue”);
The “continue” loop type is really specific, but it’s still pretty cool. Essentially the continue loop continues the speed/value of the final keyframe. So if your loop ended with a rotation speed of 30 degrees a second that speed would continue beyond the final keyframe. Nothing else happens, just continued inertia.. forever. #NewtonsFirstLawofMotion
Note: You can see a visual representation of the continued motion of the loop in the graph editor (called the post expression graph) by selecting the small graph button to the left of the expression window.
The last thing that you can add to your loop expressions is an argument modifier. While the name sounds really scary it’s actually not that difficult to understand. Essentially an argument modifier will tell After Effects which keyframes you want to loop. For example, if you had a sequence with 5 keyframes you could tell After Effects just to loop the last 2. This is done by simply adding a comma and a number.
The number tells After Effect how many keyframes should be included in the modified loop. For example, a loopOut property with a modifier of 1 will only include 2 total keyframes: the last keyframe and the one before it. Here’s a few examples so we’re on the same page:
After Effects Get Specific Time Management
- loopOut(“pingpong”,1); - Will loop between the last 2 keyframes
- loopIn(“offset”,2); - Will loop between the first 3 keyframes.
Modifiers are actually really easy to use once you get the hang of them. Modifiers can only be applied to the cycle, pingpong, and offset loop types.
- loopInDuration(“pingpong”,2);
Lastly we should talk about two different types of loop properties: loopInDuration(); and loopOutDuration();. Both properties act in a very similar way to the loopIn(); and loopOut(); properties, but with one key difference:
Duration Loop Properties will loop based on time (seconds) when an argument modifier is applied to it. (That was a nerdy sentence..)
Basically if you add a comma and a number after your duration loop property your expression will loop based on seconds instead of keyframes. I don’t find this type of loop to be very helpful in a lot of cases, but it’s there and now you know about it.
Non Specific Effects
See you Later! See you Later! See you Later! See you Later! (It's a loop..get it?)
Hopefully you feel ready to add loops to your next After Effects project. Loops really are a fantastic tool that can save you a lot of time. If you want to learn more about After Effects or Motion Design check out our blog where we regularly post exhilarating tutorials.
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- 1 Create Movies Using Green Screen in Final Cut Express
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- 3 Add a Glow in GIMP
- 4 Darken a Clip on Final Cut Pro
Shooting green screen footage is an easy process that allows you to make promotional videos more interactive and visually appealing. Before you can add special effects, transitions and titles, the green screen should be properly removed. Adobe After Effects has the proper tools to easily remove the green screen and clean up any noise. There are two built-in tools that can be used to remove the green screen for your project and present a professional looking video.
Keylight Plug-In
1.Click once on the green screen video footage to make it active in Adobe After Effects.
2.Click on 'Effect,' 'Keying' and 'Keylight.' This is a plug-in effect for Adobe After Effects that automatically comes with the software.
4.Select the 'Eye dropper' icon next to the Screen Color option. Click on a section of the green screen towards the middle of your video.
5.Click on 'View' and select 'Status.' Here you can see any parts of the green screen that were not removed. These areas will appear white and gray around the object.
6.Increase the Screen Grain until the outer edges of gray and white disappear and you see just the shape of the object.
7.Play through the video to see the green screen removed. Cluster truck game.
Color Key Effect
2.Go to 'Effect,' 'Keying' and select 'Color Key.'
3.Two worlds 2 co op. Click on the Effect Controls tab in the top left of the software. Scroll down until you find the Color Key Effect.
4.Click on the eyedropper tool next to the Color option. Click on the green screen in the Composition Window. Most of the green will disappear.
5.Move the Color Tolerance slider and adjust to remove similar shades of green or darker areas that were cast from shadows and lighting.
6.Adjust the Edge Feather option so that the objects in front of the green screen will blend into the background without rough or glowing edges.
7.Play a preview of the video to ensure that the green screen does not appear throughout the complete timeline. Adjust the Edge Feather and Color Tolerance as needed.
References (2)
About the Author
Alan Donahue started writing professionally in 2003. He has been published in the Norwich Free Academy 'Red & White,' UNLV's 'Rebel Yell' and on various websites. He is an expert on wrestling, movies and television. He placed second in the NFO Screenwriting Contest and received filmmaking awards from Manchester Community College and Norwich Free Academy. He currently attends Academy of Art University.
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Donahue, Alan. 'How to Remove a Green Screen in Adobe After Effects.' Small Business - Chron.com, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/remove-green-screen-adobe-after-effects-45682.html. Accessed 29 June 2019.
Donahue, Alan. (n.d.). How to Remove a Green Screen in Adobe After Effects. Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/remove-green-screen-adobe-after-effects-45682.html
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